氣力輸送應用廣泛和基礎的輸送方式有負壓氣力輸送、稀相正壓氣力輸送、密相正壓氣力輸送，這3種氣力輸送系統分別具有什么特點和優勢呢，本文詳細介紹對比：

The widely used and basic conveying methods for pneumatic conveying include negative pressure pneumatic conveying, dilute phase positive pressure pneumatic conveying, and dense phase positive pressure pneumatic conveying. What are the characteristics and advantages of these three pneumatic conveying systems? This article provides a detailed comparison:

從系統結構和配置對比

Comparison of system structure and configuration

負壓氣力輸送（吸送式氣力輸送）一般由羅茨風機、輸送管道、卸料器、除塵器等設備組成，羅茨風機放在系統末端，物料的輸送過程在風機吸氣段一側完成，；稀相正壓氣力輸送和密相正壓氣力輸送的組成與負壓氣力輸送系統基本組成設備差不多，但是正壓氣力輸送系統的羅茨風機在系統的前端，物料的輸送段是在風機壓氣端一側完成；由于負壓稀相和正壓稀相的輸送速度都較高，所以要求輸送管徑和閥門、除塵器等設備配置都要高于密相氣力輸送。

Negative pressure pneumatic conveying (suction pneumatic conveying) generally consists of Roots blower, conveying pipeline, unloader, dust collector and other equipment. Roots blower is placed at the end of the system, and the material conveying process is completed on one side of the suction section of the blower,; The composition of dilute phase positive pressure pneumatic conveying and dense phase positive pressure pneumatic conveying is similar to that of negative pressure pneumatic conveying systems. However, the Roots blower of the positive pressure pneumatic conveying system is at the front end of the system, and the material conveying section is completed on the compressor side of the blower; Due to the high conveying speeds of negative pressure dilute phase and positive pressure dilute phase, it is required that the conveying pipe diameter, valves, dust collectors, and other equipment configurations be higher than those of dense phase pneumatic conveying.

輸送品質對比

Comparison of conveying quality

稀相氣力輸送常采用未經處理的輸送空氣，可能會帶有油污和鐵銹等雜質，一般需加裝冷卻器和干燥器排除雜質的影響，但另一方面這又會對風機造成較大的壓力損失。而密相氣力輸送采用壓縮空氣為動力，進入壓縮機所得到的空氣潔凈而干燥，不會有以上問題的困擾。

Dilute phase pneumatic conveying often uses untreated conveying air, which may contain impurities such as oil and rust. Generally, coolers and dryers need to be installed to eliminate the influence of impurities. However, on the other hand, this can cause significant pressure loss to the fan. Dense phase pneumatic conveying uses compressed air as the power source, and the air obtained from entering the compressor is clean and dry, without the above-mentioned problems.

適用范圍及主要特點

Scope of application and main characteristics

負壓輸送受限于負壓范圍，輸送范圍小，輸送距離一般在50 m 以內，對卸料器、除塵器的嚴密性要求高，要求在氣密條件下排料，設備結構相對復雜；稀相輸送需要依賴較高的風速進行輸送，因此輸送距離一般在百米左右，輸送距離較短；而正壓密相輸送采用較低的輸送速度，因此可輸送較遠的距離，一般輸送距離可達 100 m-1000m。

Negative pressure conveying is limited by the negative pressure range, with a small conveying range and a conveying distance generally within 50 meters. It requires high tightness of the unloader and dust collector, requiring discharge under airtight conditions, and the equipment structure is relatively complex; Dilute phase conveying relies on higher wind speeds for conveying, so the conveying distance is generally around 100 meters, and the conveying distance is relatively short; Positive pressure dense phase conveying adopts a lower conveying speed, so it can transport a longer distance, generally up to 100 m-1000m.

除了以上3種基礎的輸送方式，目前在廣泛應用的具有鮮明的特點，混合式氣力輸送系統是組合了正壓負壓輸送方式，適用于既要集料又要配料的場合，兼具了以上負壓和正壓兩者的優缺點。在選擇氣力輸送系統時就需要根據輸送物料的特性、生產工藝要求、輸送效率和經濟性等加以綜合研究考慮。

In addition to the three basic conveying methods mentioned above, the currently widely used hybrid pneumatic conveying system has distinct characteristics. It combines positive pressure and negative pressure conveying methods, suitable for situations where both aggregates and ingredients are needed, and combines the advantages and disadvantages of both negative pressure and positive pressure. When choosing a pneumatic conveying system, it is necessary to comprehensively study and consider the characteristics of the conveyed materials, production process requirements, conveying efficiency, and economy.

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